The north of Zealand, Denmark, known as “The Kings’ Northzealand,” is often compared to France’s Loire Valley because of its stunning castles and palaces. The history of these castles dates back to the Middle Ages. Søborg Castle, established in the 1100s, served as a hub for kings, and Gurre Castle was the residence of King Valdemar Atterdag in the 1300s. However, it was during the reign of Frederik II (1534-1588) that The Kings’ Northzealand truly took shape.
Frederik II was an avid hunter and was inspired by the “par force” hunting style he encountered in France. He established a hunting area in the north, which included “Store Dyrehave,” “Gribskov,” and “Jægersborg Dyrehave.” This area, known today as the Par Force Hunting Landscape, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Kronborg Castle, another UNESCO site located in Helsingør, is famously featured in Shakespeare’s “Hamlet.” Originally built as a fortress named “Krogen” in 1426, it was redesigned by Frederik II from 1574 to 1585 into the magnificent Renaissance castle we know now as Kronborg. Shakespeare used this castle as the setting for his famous play, adding to its legendary status. In 2016, the castle commemorated the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare’s death with live theatre performances.
Esrum Abbey, though not connected to royalty, is notable in Danish history. Established in 1151 by Archbishop Eskil, it was Denmark’s second Cistercian abbey, following the Clairvaux Abbey in France. After the Reformation, the abbey’s possessions were handed over to the king. Today, it operates as a museum and cultural center, featuring a café, shop, and various events throughout the year.
Frederiksborg Castle, home to the Museum of National History, showcases 500 years of Danish history. Built by King Christian IV in the early 1600s, it stands as a testament to his power and sophistication. After a fire in 1859, the castle was meticulously restored and now features historical paintings, art, and beautiful gardens. The castle’s chapel, untouched by the fire, still serves as a parish church and a ceremonial space for Danish royalty.
Fredensborg Palace, a favorite of the Danish queen, was constructed in 1720 following the Great Nordic War. Named “Castle of Peace,” it is a serene retreat for the royal family during spring and autumn. When not in use by the queen, public tours are available. The palace gardens are one of Denmark’s largest historic parks, offering tranquil walks and scenic views.
The Danish royal family takes great pride in preserving these historical sites, sharing them with the public when not in private use. Exploring these castles, palaces, and gardens offers a glimpse into the rich heritage that has been meticulously maintained throughout the centuries.
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